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  • David Hume (7 May 1711 – 25 August 1776) was a Scottish philosopher, historian, economist, and essayist, known especially for his philosophical empiricism and scepticism. He is regarded as one of the most important figures in the history of Western philosophy and the Scottish Enlightenment.

    Hume is often grouped with John Locke, George Berkeley, and a handful of others as a British Empiricist.

    “He is happy, whose circumstances suit his temper; but he is more excellent, who can suit his temper to any circumstances.”

    David Hume, An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals (1751)

    Beginning with his A Treatise of Human Nature (1739), Hume strove to create a total naturalistic “science of man” that examined the psychological basis of human nature.

    In stark opposition to the rationalists who preceded him, most notably Descartes, he concluded that desire rather than reason governed human behaviour, saying famously: “Reason is, and ought only to be th